Characteristics of ketoacidosis diabetic at Fatmawati Hospital

Background Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is the most common complication of diabetes mellitus. DKA results from absolute or relative deficiency of circulating insulin and from combined effects of increased counter regulatory hormone levels. The combination of low serum insulin and high counter regulatory hormone concentrations accelerate catabolic state with increased glucose production by liver and kidneys (by glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis), impair peripheral glucose utilization causing hyperglycemia and hyperosmolality, and increase lipolysis and ketogenesis, resulting in ketonemia and metabolic acidosis. Most of Indonesian children with diabetes mellitus (DM) came for the first time with diabetic ketoacidosis.